Penggunaan Unfractionated Heparin terhadap Kadar Red Blood CellDistribution Width dan D-dimer pada Pasien Kritis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23886/ejki.14.1224.1Keywords:
Unfractionated Heparin, Pasien dengan Penyakit Kritis, RDW, D-dimerAbstract
Pasien penyakit kritis merupakan kelompok dengan presentasi klinis yang heterogen. Kelompok ini berisiko mengalami berbagai komplikasi lanjut, termasuk kejadian tromboemboli, yang dapat muncul akibat perjalanan alamiah penyakit yang berat, komplikasi penyakit komorbid, atau intervensi medis yang diberikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh penggunaan unfractionated heparin (UFH) terhadap kadar red blood cell distribution width (RDW) dan D-dimer pada kelompok tersebut di Rumah Sakit Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik observasional retrospektif dengan desain pre-post menggunakan data rekam medis 36 subjek berisiko tinggi tromboemboli vena (skor Padua ≥4). Data dikumpulkan pada periode 1 September 2024 hingga 31 Juli 2025, meliputi karakteristik subjek, terapi unfractionated heparin, serta kadar RDW dan D-dimer sebelum dan sesudah terapi. Hasil menunjukkan penurunan kadar RDW sebesar 5,27% dan D-dimer sebesar 30,2% setelah penggunaan UFH, dengan nilai signifikansi masing-masing P<0,000 dan P=0,004. Tidak ditemukan komplikasi perdarahan akibat penggunaan UFH. Penelitian ini mendukung penggunaan UFH sebagai agen tromboprofilaksis pada pasien dengan penyakit kritis.
Effect of Unfractionated Heparin on Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and D-dimer Levels in Critically Ill Patients
Abstract
Critically ill patients represent a heterogeneous group with diverse clinical presentations. This group is at risk of developing various complications, including thromboembolic events, which may arise from the severe natural course of the underlying disease, comorbid conditions, or medical interventions. This study aimed to assess the effect of unfractionated heparin (UFH) on red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and D-dimer levels in critically ill patients at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh. This study was a retrospective observational analytic study with a pre-post design using medical record data from 36 subjects at high risk of venous thromboembolism (Padua score ≥4). Data were collected during the period from 1 September 2024 to 31 July 2025, including subject characteristics, unfractionated heparin therapy, and RDW and D-dimer levels before and after treatment. The results showed a 5.27% reduction in RDW levels and a 30.2% reduction in D-dimer levels after UFH administration, with statistical significance of p < 0.001 and p = 0.004, respectively. No bleeding complications were observed following UFH use. This study supports the use of UFH as a thromboprophylactic agent in critically ill patients
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