Hubungan Diabetes Melitus dengan Kejadian Mortalitas pada Pasien Terkonfirmasi Covid-19 Tahun 2020: Systematic Review

Abstract

COVID-19 merupakan penyakit saluran napas disebabkan oleh strain coronavirus yang baru ditemukan, yaitu severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diabetes melitus (DM) diduga meningkatkan keparahan dan angka kematian pasien COVID-19. Pemahaman mengenai COVID-19 disertai DM hingga kini belum lengkap karena penyakit ini terus menyebar dengan cepat. Telaah ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan DM dengan kejadian mortalitas pada pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 tahun 2020 melalui systematic review. Pencarian jurnal dilakukan pada bulan Mei hingga 8 Juli 2020 di pusat literatur publikasi dengan kata kunci “COVID-19” AND “Glycemic Control” OR “Diabetes Control” AND “Mortality” sesuai Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). Telaah kritis dilakukan berdasarkan pedoman instrumen telaah National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and the Research Triangle Institute International. Data diperoleh dari 8 jurnal yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian; dibagi menjadi kategori DM terkontrol dan atau tidak terkontrol. Hasil telaah menunjukkan tingginya persentase kejadian mortalitas pada pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 yang disertai dengan DM, terutama lebih tinggi pada kelompok pasien dengan DM tidak terkontrol yaitu 11% dengan nilai risk ratio 2,56.

Kata kunci: COVID-19, diabetes melitus, kontrol glikemik, kontrol diabetes, mortalitas.

The Correlation between Diabetes Mellitus and Mortality of Patient with Confirmed COVID-19: Systematic Review

Abstract

COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by the new coronavirus strain, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is suspected as one of the causes that intensify the number of death of the COVID-19 patients. The literatures for DM in COVID-19 have been updated as the disease swiftly spreading. This study aims to know the relation between DM and the mortality of confirmed patients of COVID-19 in 2020 using systematic review method. Journal searches are conducted from April to July 8th 2020 in publication literature center with keywords “COVID-19” and “Glycemic Control” or “Diabetes Control” and “Mortality” reported in Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses Protocols (PRISMA-P). Critical appraisal is made based on National Heart Lung and Blood Institute and the Research Triangle Institute International. The data are collected from 8 journals that involved the research criteria (controlled DM and not controlled DM ). This study proved high number of mortality cases of COVID-19 confirmed patients with DM. Uncontrolled DM group has the higher percentage of mortality cases of 11% with a Risk Ratio (RR) of 2.56.

Keywords: COVID-19, diabetes mellitus, glycemic control, diabetes control, mortality.