Characteristics of Pediatric Ocular Injury in a Tertiary Healthcare Facility in West Borneo

Abstract

Sudden vision loss in the pediatric population caused by ocular injury significantly reduces their quality of life. This study aims to describe the demographics, clinical manifestations, causes of injury, and management of ocular injury in the pediatric population. A retrospective review was conducted on pediatric ocular injury cases presented to Dr. Soedarso General Hospital in West Borneo, which were recorded from January 2020 to December 2024. Demographic data, types of injury, causes of injury, and management approach were extracted for the study. The ocular injury was classified according to Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology. A total of 25 patients were included in the study, which consisted of 18 males and 7 females with a mean age of 8.08+4.15 years (3-16 years old). Almost all cases occurred unilaterally (n=24), with open globe injuries being the most common type (n=18). The surrounding environment and organic materials played significant roles in the occurrence of ocular injury (n=12). Around half of the cases (n=13) were not managed by ophthalmologists within 24 hours of the injury. Understanding the pattern of pediatric ocular injury may increase awareness of the occurrence of trauma among general practitioners, which may prevent further injuries.